Fiberglass yakasimbiswa plastiki inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvehupfumi hwenyika nekuda kwekuumbwa kwayo kuri nyore, kuita kwakanakisa, uye kuwanda kwezvinhu.Hand layup fiberglass tekinoroji (inozodaidzwa kunzi kugadzika kwemaoko) ine zvakanakira kuderera kwekudyara, kupfupika kwekugadzira kutenderera, kuderera kwesimba rekushandisa, uye inogona kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvine maumbirwo akaomarara, zvichitora imwe nzvimbo yemusika muChina.Nekudaro, kunaka kwepamusoro kwemaoko akaiswa fiberglass zvigadzirwa muChina pari zvino kushomeka, izvo kune imwe nhanho inodzikamisa kusimudzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvakaiswa maoko.Indasitiri insiders vakaita basa rakawanda kuvandudza pamusoro pemhando yezvigadzirwa.Munyika dzekunze, zvigadzirwa zvakaiswa nemaoko zvine mhando yepamusoro padyo kana kusvika paA-level zvinogona kushandiswa semukati nekunze zvekushongedza zvikamu zvemota dzepamusoro.Takatora tekinoroji yepamberi uye ruzivo kubva kunze kwenyika, takaita nhamba huru yezviyedzo zvakanangwa nekuvandudza, uye takawana mimwe mhedzisiro mune izvi.
Chekutanga, ongororo yetioretical inoitwa pane hunhu hwekuisa ruoko rwekuita basa uye mbishi zvinhu.Munyori anotenda kuti zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa ndeizvi: ① kugadzirisika kweresin;② The processability yegel jasi resin;③ Hunhu hwenzvimbo ye mold.
Resin
Resin inoverengera inosvika 55-80% nehuremu muzvigadzirwa zvakaiswa nemaoko.Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana zve resin zvinotarisa zvakananga kushanda kwechigadzirwa.Iwo emuviri zvimiro zve resin mukugadzira maitiro anoona kugadzirwa kwakanaka uye kunaka kwechigadzirwa.Saka, pakusarudza resin, zvinotevera zvinofanirwa kutariswa:
Iyo viscosity yeruoko yakaiswa resin kazhinji iri pakati pe170 ne117 cps.Iyo resin ine yakakura viscosity renji, iyo inokodzera kusarudzwa.Nekudaro, nekuda kwemusiyano weviscosity pakati pepamusoro uye yakaderera miganho yemhando imwechete yeresin inosvika 100cps kusvika 300cps, pachavawo nekuchinja kukuru muviscosity munguva yechando nezhizha.Naizvozvo, zviedzo zvinodiwa kuvheneka uye kuona resin inokodzera viscosity.Chinyorwa ichi chakaita zviedzo pamaresin mashanu ane viscosity yakasiyana.Munguva yekuedza, kuenzanisa kukuru kwakaitwa pane resin impregnation yekumhanya yefiberglass, resin foaming performance, uye density uye ukobvu hwepaste layer.Kuburikidza nemiedzo, zvakaonekwa kuti kuderera kwe viscosity ye resin, kukurumidza kukurumidza kwekumisikidza kwefiberglass, kukwira kwekugadzirwa kwakanaka, kudiki kweporosity yechigadzirwa, uye zvirinani kufanana kwechigadzirwa chakakora.Nekudaro, kana tembiricha yakakwira kana resin dosage yakakwira zvishoma, zviri nyore kukonzera glue kuyerera (kana kudzora glue);Kusiyana neizvi, kumhanya kwekumisikidza fiberglass kunononoka, kugona kwekugadzira kwakadzikira, porosity yechigadzirwa yakakwira, uye kufanana kwekukora kwechigadzirwa kwakashata, asi chiitiko chekutonga glue uye kuyerera kwakadzikira.Mushure mekuedza kwakawanda, zvakaonekwa kuti resin viscosity ndeye 200-320 cps pa25 ℃, inova ndiyo yakanyanya kusanganiswa yemhando yepamusoro, yemukati mhando, uye kugona kugadzira kwechigadzirwa.Mukugadzirwa chaiko, zvakajairika kusangana nechiitiko chepamusoro resin viscosity.Panguva ino, zvinodikanwa kugadzirisa resin viscosity kuti ideredze kune iyo viscosity renji yakakodzera kushanda.Kazhinji pane nzira mbiri dzekuita izvi: ① kuwedzera styrene kunyungudutsa resin kuderedza viscosity;② Simudza tembiricha yeresin uye tembiricha yezvakatipoteredza kuderedza viscosity yeresin.Kusimudza ambient tembiricha uye resin tembiricha inzira inoshanda kana tembiricha yakadzikira.Kazhinji, nzira mbiri dzinowanzoshandiswa kuve nechokwadi kuti resin haina kusimba nekukurumidza.
Gelation nguva
Iyo gel nguva yeunsaturated polyester resin inowanzoita 6 ~ 21 min (25 ℃, 1% MEKP, 0 5% cobalt naphthalate).Iyo gel inokurumidza kukurumidza, nguva yekushanda haina kukwana, chigadzirwa chinodzikira zvakanyanya, kuburitswa kwekupisa kunowedzera, uye mold uye chigadzirwa zviri nyore kukuvara.Iyo gel inononoka, iri nyore kuyerera, inononoka kurapa, uye resin iri nyore kukuvadza iyo gel jasi layer, ichideredza kugadzirwa kwakanaka.
Iyo nguva yegelation ine hukama nekushisa uye huwandu hwekutanga uye mutsigiri akawedzerwa.Kana kutonhora kuchikwira, nguva yegelation ichapfupiswa, iyo inogona kuderedza huwandu hwevatangi uye accelerators akawedzerwa.Kana akawandisa ekutanga uye accelerator akawedzerwa kune resin, iyo ruvara rweresin inosviba mushure mekurapa, kana nekuda kwekukurumidza kuita, resin inoburitsa kupisa nekukurumidza uye yakanyanyisa kunyura (kunyanya kune yakakora madziro zvigadzirwa), izvo zvinopisa moto. chigadzirwa uye mold.Naizvozvo, basa rekuisa ruoko rinowanzoitwa munzvimbo inopfuura 15 ℃.Panguva ino, huwandu hwekutanga uye accelerator hahudi zvakawanda, uye resin reaction (gel, kuporesa) yakagadzikana, iyo inokodzera kushandiswa kwemaoko.
Iyo gelation nguva yeresin yakakosha zvikuru kune chaiyo kugadzirwa.Muedzo wakawana kuti gel nguva ye resin iri pa 25 ℃, 1% MEKP uye 0 Pasi pemamiriro e5% cobalt naphthalate, 10-18 maminetsi ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka.Kunyangwe kana mamiriro ekunze ekushanda achichinja zvishoma, izvo zvinodikanwa zvekugadzira zvinogona kuve nechokwadi nekugadzirisa dosage yevanotangisa uye accelerators.
Zvimwe zvinhu zve resin
(1) Kubvisa furo zvinhu zveresin
Iko kugona kusvibisa resin kune hukama neiyo viscosity uye zvirimo zve defoaming agent.Kana iyo viscosity ye resin inogara iripo, huwandu hwe defoamer hunoshandiswa zvakanyanya hunosarudza porosity yechigadzirwa.Mukugadzirwa chaiko, kana uchiwedzera accelerant uye initiator kune resin, mweya wakawanda uchasanganiswa.Kana iyo resin iine hurombo hwekubvisa furo pfuma, mhepo iri muresin pamberi pe gel haigone kuburitswa nenguva, panofanira kunge paine mabhuru akawanda muchigadzirwa, uye void ratio yakakwira.Naizvozvo, resin ine yakanaka defoaming pfuma inofanirwa kushandiswa, iyo inogona kunyatso kudzikisa mabhuru ari muchigadzirwa uye kuderedza void ratio.
(2) Ruvara rweresin
Parizvino, kana zvigadzirwa zvefiberglass zvichishandiswa seyepamusoro-mhando yekushongedza kunze, kazhinji inoda kuvezwa nependi yepamusoro-soro pamusoro kuti chigadzirwa chive neruvara.Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuenderana kwemavara ependi pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zvefiberglass, zvinodikanwa kuti pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zvefiberglass zviite chena kana mwenje.Kuti usangane nezvinodiwa izvi, resin ine mavara akajeka inofanira kusarudzwa pakusarudza resin.Kuburikidza nemiedzo yekuongorora pahuwandu hukuru hwema resin, zvakaratidzwa kuti resin color value (APHA) Φ 84 inogona kunyatsogadzirisa dambudziko remavara ezvigadzirwa mushure mekurapa.Panguva imwecheteyo, kushandisa chiedza chine ruvara resin kunoita kuti zvive nyore kuona uye kubudisa mabhubhu mumucheka wepaste panguva yakakodzera panguva yekugadzira;Uye kuderedza kuitika kwekusaenzana kwechigadzirwa ukobvu kunokonzerwa nekukanganisa kwekushanda panguva yekumisa, zvichikonzera kusaenderana kwemavara mukati memukati wechigadzirwa.
(3) Kuoma kwemhepo
Muhunyoro hwepamusoro kana tembiricha yakaderera, zvinowanzoitika kuti mukati mechigadzirwa chiite kunamira mushure mekuoma.Izvi zvinodaro nekuti resin iri pamusoro peiyo paste layer inosangana neokisijeni, mhute yemvura, uye mamwe mapolymerization inhibitors mumhepo, zvichikonzera kusakwana kwakaporeswa layer ye resin mukati memukati wechigadzirwa.Izvi zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya mushure mekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, uye kune rumwe rutivi, mukati memukati unowanzo kunamatira guruva, izvo zvinokanganisa kunaka kwemukati.Naizvozvo, pakusarudza resin, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa pakusarudza resin ane mhepo yekuomesa zvinhu.Kune resin isina mhepo yekuomesera zvivakwa, mhinduro ye5% parafini (inonyungudika 46-48 ℃) uye styrene kazhinji inogona kuwedzerwa kune resin pa18-35 ℃ kugadzirisa kuomeswa kwemhepo zvimiro zveresin, ine dosi yeanenge. 6-8% ye resin.
Gelatin kupfeka resin
Kuti uvandudze mhando yepamusoro yezvigadzirwa zvefiberglass, ine ruvara resin rakapfuma layer inodiwa pamusoro pechigadzirwa.Gel jasi resin rudzi urwu rwezvinhu.Gelatin yekuputira resin inovandudza kuchembera kwezvigadzirwa zvefiberglass uye inopa homogeneous pamusoro, inovandudza kunaka kwezvigadzirwa.Kuti uve nechokwadi chepamusoro pemhando yechigadzirwa, ukobvu hweadhesive layer hunowanzo kudiwa kuve 0 4-6 mm.Mukuwedzera, ruvara rwejasi rejeli runofanira kunyanya kuva chena kana chiedza, uye hapanofanira kuva nemusiyano wemavara pakati pemabheti.Pamusoro pezvo, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune mashandiro ekushanda kwejasi rejasi, kusanganisira viscosity yayo uye kuenzana.Iyo yakanyanya kufanirwa viscosity yekupfapfaidza gel ndeye 6000cps.Iyo yakanyanya intuitive nzira yekuyera kuenzana kweiyo gel yekuputira ndeyekupfapfaidza jira rekuisa gel panzvimbo yenzvimbo ye mold yakagadziriswa.Kana paine fisheye senge shrinkage mamaki pane gel coating layer, inoratidza kuti kuenzana kweiyo gel coating hakuna kunaka.
Nzira dzakasiyana dzekuchengetedza ma molds ndeaya anotevera:
Zvitsva kana zviumbwa zvisina kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba:
Iyo gel jasi rinofanirwa kunyatso mutswa risati rashandiswa, uye mushure mekuwedzera iyo inokonzeresa system, inofanirwa kukurumidza uye yakaenzana kumutswa kuti iwane yakanakisa kushandisa.Pakupfapfaidza, kana viscosity ikawanikwa yakanyanyisa, chiyero chakakodzera che styrene chinogona kuwedzerwa kuti chigadziriswe;Kana iri diki, pfapfaidza iyo yakatetepa uye kakati wandei.Pamusoro pezvo, kupfapfaidza kunoda kuti pfuti yekupfapfaidza ive inenge 2cm kubva pamusoro peforoma, iine mhepo yakadzvanywa yakafanira, pfuti yekupfapfaidza fan pamusoro perpendicular kudivi repfuti, uye pfuti yekupfapfaidza feni inoputirana. kusvika 1/3.Izvi hazvigone chete kugadzirisa kukanganisa kweiyo gel jasi pachayo, asi zvakare kuve nechokwadi chekuenderana kwemhando yechigadzirwa gel jasi layer.
Kufurira kwe molds pamusoro pemhando yezvigadzirwa
Mould ndiyo midziyo mikuru yekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvefiberglass, uye molds inogona kupatsanurwa kuita mhando sesimbi, aruminiyamu, simende, rabha, parafini, fiberglass, nezvimwe zvinoenderana nemidziyo yavo.Fiberglass molds yave iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kuumbwa kweruoko rwefiberglass nekuda kwekuumbwa kwayo kuri nyore, kuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa, mutengo wakaderera, kupfupika kwekugadzira kutenderera, uye nyore kugadzirisa.
Izvo zvinodikanwa zvepamusoro zvefiberglass molds uye zvimwe zviumbwa zvepurasitiki zvakafanana, kazhinji pamusoro peiyo mold ine nhanho imwe yakakwira kupfuura kutsetseka kwepasi kwechigadzirwa.Iyo iri nani iyo pamusoro peiyo mold, iyo ipfupi yekuumbwa uye mushure mekugadzirisa-nguva yechigadzirwa, zviri nani kunaka kwepamusoro kwechigadzirwa, uye kurebesa hupenyu hwesevhisi.Mushure mekunge mold yaunzwa kuti ishandiswe, inofanirwa kuchengetedza pamusoro pemhando ye mold.Kugadziriswa kwechiumbwa kunosanganisira kuchenesa pamusoro pemuumbi, kuchenesa mold, kugadzirisa nzvimbo dzakakanganisika, uye kupukuta mold.Kugadziriswa panguva uye kunoshanda kwe molds ndiyo yekupedzisira yekutanga kugadzirisa mold, uye iyo nzira yekugadziridza yekuumbwa yakakosha.Tafura inotevera inoratidza nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa uye zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yekutarisira.
Chekutanga, chenesa uye ongorora pamusoro pe mold, uye gadzirisa zvinodiwa kune nzvimbo dzinenge dzakuvadzwa mold kana kurongeka zvisina musoro.Zvadaro, chenesa pamusoro pechiumbwa nechinonyungudutsa, woomesa, uye wozopendesa pamusoro pechifukidzo nemuchina wekupolisha uye purasita kamwe chete kana kaviri.Pedzisa wakisi uye kupukuta katatu zvakatevedzana, wobva waisa wakisi zvakare, uye polisha zvakare usati washandisa.
Mold iri kushandiswa
Chekutanga, ita shuwa kuti mold yaiswa wakisi uye nekukwenenzverwa kwese kwese kunoshandiswa katatu.Kune zvikamu zvinowanzoitika kukuvadza uye zvakaoma kudzikisa, waxing uye polishing inofanira kuitwa isati yashandiswa imwe neimwe.Chechipiri, kune chidimbu chezvinhu zvekunze (zvichida polystyrene kana wax) inogona kuoneka pamusoro peforoma yakashandiswa kwenguva yakareba, inofanira kucheneswa panguva yakakodzera.Nzira yekuchenesa ndeyekushandisa jira redonje rakanyikwa muacetone kana yakakosha mold cleaner kukwesha (chikamu chakakora chinogona kukweshwa zvinyoro nyoro nechishandiso), uye chikamu chakacheneswa chinofanira kugadzirwa zvinoenderana neforoma nyowani.
Kune zvakakanganisika zviumbwa zvisingakwanisi kugadziriswa panguva yakakodzera, zvinhu zvakadai sewakisi zvidhinha izvo zvinowanzoita deformation uye zvisingakanganisi kuporeswa kwejasi regel rinogona kushandiswa kuzadza nekuchengetedza nzvimbo yakakanganiswa yehutu isati yaenderera mberi nekushandisa.Kune avo vanogona kugadziriswa nenguva, nzvimbo yakakanganiswa inofanira kutanga yagadziriswa.Mushure mekugadzirisa, vanhu vasingasviki vana (pa25 ℃) vanofanira kuporeswa.Nzvimbo yakagadziridzwa inofanira kukwenenzverwa uye kugadzirwa isati yatanga kushandiswa.Iyo yakajairwa uye kwakaringana kuchengetedza kweiyo mold inotarisa hupenyu hwesevhisi ye mold, kugadzikana kwechigadzirwa chepamusoro mhando, uye kugadzikana kwekugadzirwa.Nokudaro, zvinodikanwa kuva netsika yakanaka yekuchengetedza mold.Muchidimbu, nekuvandudza zvinhu uye maitiro uye nekusimudzira kunaka kwepamusoro kwe molds, kunaka kwepamusoro kwezvigadzirwa zvakaiswa nemaoko zvichavandudzwa zvakanyanya.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-24-2024
